I am no expert photographer, preferring to capture the moment than get a perfectly composed shot. The pictures on my blog are either taken with a compact Canon, a Panasonic Lumix FZ150 or on my phone.




Tuesday, 30 January 2024

East Lothian Butterflies 2023 Part 2

Continuing on from my previous post..

The first Small Heath was seen on the 17th May. They weren't seen in high numbers in 2023, possibly because not as many people were recording along the coast where they are most commonly seen. Apparently, there are two generations a year, but it is difficult to separate the generations because they overlap and vary according to each site along the coast and in the hills.


2023 could certainly not be described as a Painted Lady year. I only received 46 records and it was the first year, since I started recording butterflies in the 1990s that I didn't see one myself. The first record received was on 29th May and the maximum number seen in a week was 8 in August, indicating that they had managed to breed. It is interesting that the other migratory butterfly, the Red Admiral, did so well, but not so the Painted Lady.

The first Meadow Brown was recorded on the 4th June. They had the best year since I have been collating the butterfly records with 2565 butterflies recorded. Almost every year they are our most numerous butterfly recorded.


In contrast, the Common Blue had its worst year since I have been collating the records! The first record was on the 12th June and I only received records of 252 butterflies, with the average number over the previous ten years being 465.


The Large Skipper is a fairly recent arrival in East Lothian and is still seen in relatively small numbers. The first record I received was on the 13th June and I only received a total of 17 records. They have spread their range across the county, being seen along much of the coast and the foothills of the Lammermuirs. I suspect that it often goes unrecorded, being quite tricky to identify as it whizzes between flowers.


Ringlets were another species that had a poor year. In fact the worst year in the last ten years, not counting 2020, when we were in lockdown. The first record was on the 15th June and initially they seemed to do well, but just didn't peak in July as they normally would.


The Dark Green Fritillary also didn't do well in 2023 with the number of records being about a third of what we would normally expect. The first record was on the 18th June. The caterpillars feed on various species of Violets. I wonder if these plants didn't do well the previous summer with the dry weather we experienced.

On the 21st June I went into the Lammermuirs in search of Northern Brown Argus at a well known site for them. I managed to see five, which wasn't too bad for a short visit. They are only know to occur in a few small colonies in East Lothian and there have been no records from a couple of those sites in recent years. However, they were spotted on two occasions on the Barns Ness transect, so it would seem that there is a colony there, too. Also eggs have been found in a couple of locations north of Traprain Law, so there are probably more colonies than we realise.


I saw five Small Pearl-bordered Fritillaries when I was looking for Northern Brown Argus. They were the only records that I am aware of this year. It is a rare butterfly in East Lothian, which has only been recorded from a couple of sites.


The final species to be recorded in 2023 was the Grayling on 3rd July. There is a well-established colony on the pyramid at Meadowmill. I am aware of them being seen in an east Lammermuir Dean and I hear that they are often seen at the old power station site at Cockenzie. This year there was one seen at Levenhall, which is very exciting. Maybe our re-location project is going to be a success after all!


Sadly, there were no Brimstones seen in East Lothian in 2023, having had a few records in 2021 and 2022. We normally rely on the odd migrant flying in and I suspect that until we have more food plants available for them, they will not be able to maintain a presence in East Lothian.

I didn't receive any records of the Green Hairstreak in 2023. They are known to occur in a few remote locations in East Lothian, so we rarely get records of them. I saw some just over the border at Soutra, where they appeared to be doing well, so hopefully they are doing as well in their colonies in East Lothian.

Similarly, the recently discovered Purple Hairstreak occurs in a few small colonies in East Lothian. I didn't receive any records in 2023, but I am sure they would still have been at their covert colonies in the eastern Lammermuirs


There are 25 species of butterflies known to breed in East Lothian, with two or three additional species that are occasional visitors to the area. In 2023 I received 2244 ad hoc records, totalling 7737 butterflies. These were in addition to the transects, which recorded another 6025 butterflies. In addition to these, there are other places that butterflies are recorded such as iRecord, iNaturalist and the Big Butterfly Count. We are never going to get close to recording every single butterfly that is in East Lothian, but I think we have a pretty consistent recording method that gives us a good idea of what has been going on in East Lothian over the last few years.


I am very grateful to all of the Countryside Rangers and volunteers who contributed records and I am always keen for anyone else to send me details of butterflies they see in East Lothian. All of the records I receive are passed on to Butterfly Conservation.

5 comments:

  1. Good to hear from the other end of Britain and many species that did well in the north mirrored the south. A few differences but most were similar!!

    ReplyDelete
  2. Hello Nick :=)
    So sorry it has taken me so long to visit you. Time gets away from me as I get older, and what used to take me an hour to do ,turns into an afternoon or morning. Because my garden is neglected I hardly see any butterflies except Cabbage Whites, but when I first started my blog I took loads of photographs of them because there were all kinds of flowers in my garden which attracted them. Sadly I can't garden any more, and only the toughest plants survive, not always butterfly friendly.It's sad but that's just the way it is, When I see all your lovely pictures, it reminds me of those early days when I was taking photos of butterflies every day, enjoying each new species I found to photograph. I really don't know how it is possible to take note of how many different species you encounter.. How do you know you have not counted the same butterfly you saw the day before? I'm glad you have help from various sources to help with these sightings. I enjoyed seeing your butterfly images Nick and hope that East Lothian butterflies prosper. Good luck!:=)
    All the best
    Sonjia..

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Hello Sonjia. Thank you for visiting. I am sorry to hear you can't tend your garden as much these days. It must be upsetting to see it become overgrown. It is really interesting to hear that there are fewer butterflies as it becomes wilder. We think that wild spaces are best for them, but of course we now have to manage our wild spaces to try to make them ideal for butterflies or other wildlife. Without the right balance of herbivores and predators places tend to develop into rank grasses and thick shrubs.
      Our formal transects are monitored once a week. Other records are those that volunteers see when out and about. There is a slim chance that some butterflies may be recorded more than once, but the important thing is that recording is consistent year on year. When you think of it, we are only recording a fraction of the butterflies that are out there, but enough to give a good picture of how each species is doing.

      Delete
  3. Hi Nick :=)
    I don't answer questions on my blog any more, so came over to tell you that the orchid I thought I had, was not an orchid at all but a Hoya, a Hoya Carnosa. I love this plant and it's flowers have the most wonderful perfume.Thanks for explaining how the counting is done, which makes perfect sense.

    ReplyDelete

Followers